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A jewelry-store customer saw a thief grab a bracelet and run through a mall. Mall security, acting on its own before police arrived, detained Caleb near an exit and brought the customer to a security office. Caleb sat alone in handcuffs beside the stolen bracelet. A security guard told the customer, "We caught the thief." The customer identified Caleb.
When police arrived 15 minutes later, an officer asked the customer, "Is that the person security caught?" while pointing at Caleb. The customer again said yes. Police did not conduct a lineup or photo array. At trial, prosecutors plan to introduce the security-office identification, the officer's confirmation identification, and the customer's in-court identification.
Caleb moves to suppress all identifications as unreliable and suggestive. Analyze the due process state-action requirement, the later police conduct, ordinary evidentiary safeguards, and likely admissibility.