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A medical-device company contracted with a supplier for custom sensors needed to complete ventilators for a hospital system. Two weeks before delivery, after the supplier had already manufactured the sensors, the supplier demanded a 30 percent price increase and threatened to withhold all sensors unless the company signed immediately. The supplier admitted internally that its costs had not increased but knew that no other supplier could produce compliant sensors before the hospital deadline. The company signed the modification and paid under protest.
In a separate negotiation, the company threatened to sue a former distributor for an unpaid invoice unless the distributor signed a settlement. The distributor signed even though it believed it had defenses. Finally, an elderly shareholder depended on her nephew for transportation, bill payment, and daily care. The nephew urged her to sell him her valuable shares for one-third of market value, selected the lawyer who prepared the documents, and told her not to discuss the deal with anyone else.
Analyze whether the supplier modification, distributor settlement, and share sale are voidable for duress or undue influence.