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Manufacturer sues Supplier after a batch of pressure valves failed. Manufacturer offers: (1) a certified copy of a state agency inspection report bearing the agency seal and custodian signature; (2) a printed agency safety bulletin downloaded from the agency's official website; (3) invoices from Supplier's shipping carrier accompanied by a signed custodian certificate stating that the invoices were made at or near the time by someone with knowledge and kept in the ordinary course; (4) photographs of valve boxes bearing Supplier's stamped logo and serial numbers; and (5) a screenshot of a private spreadsheet that Manufacturer's engineer says was emailed by someone at Supplier.
Supplier objects that none of the documents can be admitted unless a live witness authenticates each one. Supplier also argues that even if the items are authentic, the statements in them are hearsay.
How should the court analyze authentication and self-authentication for each item? Discuss any notice or certification requirements and distinguish authentication from hearsay.